![]() Ltrim - Remove only leading spaces before comparisons. Trim - Remove both leading and trailing spaces before comparisons. This functionality can be useful for performing comparisons equivalent (except in extremely rare corner cases) in semantics to Removes leading/trailing spaces from strings before comparisons. if no value is specified, neither of the conversions occurs). Note that this specifier does not have a default (i.e. Lower - Convert the string to lowercase before comparisons. Upper - Convert the string to uppercase before comparisons. #Collate or not full#In some situations, this is faster than full locale-specific collation. Results in strings being converted to lowercase or uppercase before comparisons. In most cases, the ordering is equivalent to fl.Īlso, this specifier has no impact on equality comparisons. if no value is specified, locale-specific ordering is used). Note that the default is locale-specific (i.e. In most cases, the rules are equivalent to ps.ĭetermines if, when sorting, uppercase or lowercase letters should be first. if punctuation-sensitivity is not specified, locale-specific rules are used). Punctuation-sensitivityĭetermines if non-letter characters matter. For example, in some languages, collation is always accent-sensitive and you cannot turn it off even by specifyingĪccent-insensitive collation. Note that the rules for accent-sensitivity and collation vary between languages. In Polish, these letters are treated as separate base letters, so they always compare as unequal regardless of whether accent-insensitivity is specified. In English, these letters are treated as having only accent differences, so specifying account-insensitivity results in the values comparing as equal. Possible values:ĭetermines if accented characters should be considered equal to, or different from, their base characters. Case-sensitivityĭetermines if case should be considered when comparing values. The locale specifier is optional, but, if used, must be the first specifier in the string. For more details, see Sorting Using UTF-8 vs Locale Collation (in this topic). In addition, the utf8 pseudo-locale specifies to use Unicode ordering, which is the default. #Collate or not code#Supports valid locale strings, consisting of a language code (required) and country code (optional) in the form of language _ country. Specifies the language-specific and country-specific rules to apply. For example, if a comparison is punctuation-insensitive, then A-B-C and ABC are treated asĪdditional options, such as preferences for sorting based on the first letter in a string and trimming of leading and/or trailing blank spaces. whether comparisons use only letters or include all characters). whether Z, Ź, and Ż are considered the same letter or different letters). whether to use case-sensitive or case-insensitive string comparisons without explicitly calling the UPPER orĪccent-sensitivity (e.g. different character sets for different languages).Ĭase-sensitivity (i.e. You might want the strings to be ordered by other rules, such as ignoring whether the characters are uppercase or lowercase.Ĭollation allows you to explicitly specify the rules to use for comparing strings, based on:ĭifferent locales (i.e. If special characters in a given language do not sort according to that language’s ordering standards, then sorting might return unexpected results. However, comparing strings based on their UTF-8 character representations might not provide the desired/expected behavior. The Unicode codes that represent the characters in the string. Text strings in Snowflake are stored using the UTF-8 character set and, by default, strings are compared according to ![]()
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